omit
从对象中排除指定的属性,创建新对象。
语法
typescript
omit<T, K extends keyof T>(
object: T,
keys: K[]
): Omit<T, K>
参数
object
(T): 源对象keys
(K[]): 要排除的属性键数组
返回值
Omit<T, K>
: 排除指定属性后的新对象
示例
基本用法
typescript
import { omit } from 'radash'
const user = {
id: 1,
name: 'Alice',
email: 'alice@example.com',
password: 'secret123',
age: 25
}
const publicUser = omit(user, ['password', 'email'])
// { id: 1, name: 'Alice', age: 25 }
排除单个属性
typescript
import { omit } from 'radash'
const product = {
id: 123,
name: 'Laptop',
price: 999,
category: 'Electronics'
}
const productWithoutId = omit(product, ['id'])
// { name: 'Laptop', price: 999, category: 'Electronics' }
排除多个属性
typescript
import { omit } from 'radash'
const order = {
id: 'ORD-001',
customerId: 456,
items: ['item1', 'item2'],
total: 150.00,
status: 'pending',
createdAt: new Date()
}
const orderSummary = omit(order, ['customerId', 'createdAt'])
// { id: 'ORD-001', items: ['item1', 'item2'], total: 150.00, status: 'pending' }
处理嵌套对象
typescript
import { omit } from 'radash'
const user = {
id: 1,
profile: {
firstName: 'Alice',
lastName: 'Smith',
age: 25
},
settings: {
theme: 'dark',
language: 'en'
}
}
const userWithoutSettings = omit(user, ['settings'])
// { id: 1, profile: { firstName: 'Alice', lastName: 'Smith', age: 25 } }
处理不存在的属性
typescript
import { omit } from 'radash'
const user = {
name: 'Alice',
age: 25
}
const result = omit(user, ['name', 'email', 'age'])
// {} (所有属性都被排除)
处理空对象
typescript
import { omit } from 'radash'
const emptyObj = {}
const result = omit(emptyObj, ['name', 'age'])
// {}
处理空键数组
typescript
import { omit } from 'radash'
const user = {
name: 'Alice',
age: 25
}
const result = omit(user, [])
// { name: 'Alice', age: 25 } (没有排除任何属性)
处理函数属性
typescript
import { omit } from 'radash'
const component = {
name: 'Button',
render: () => '<button>Click me</button>',
props: { text: 'Click me' }
}
const componentWithoutRender = omit(component, ['render'])
// { name: 'Button', props: { text: 'Click me' } }
处理数组属性
typescript
import { omit } from 'radash'
const user = {
id: 1,
name: 'Alice',
hobbies: ['reading', 'swimming'],
tags: ['developer', 'frontend']
}
const userWithoutHobbies = omit(user, ['hobbies'])
// { id: 1, name: 'Alice', tags: ['developer', 'frontend'] }
处理日期属性
typescript
import { omit } from 'radash'
const event = {
id: 1,
title: 'Meeting',
date: new Date('2023-01-01'),
duration: 60,
attendees: ['Alice', 'Bob']
}
const eventWithoutDate = omit(event, ['date'])
// { id: 1, title: 'Meeting', duration: 60, attendees: ['Alice', 'Bob'] }
处理布尔值属性
typescript
import { omit } from 'radash'
const user = {
id: 1,
name: 'Alice',
isActive: true,
isAdmin: false,
email: 'alice@example.com'
}
const userWithoutStatus = omit(user, ['isActive', 'isAdmin'])
// { id: 1, name: 'Alice', email: 'alice@example.com' }
处理null和undefined值
typescript
import { omit } from 'radash'
const user = {
name: 'Alice',
email: null,
phone: undefined,
age: 25
}
const userWithoutNulls = omit(user, ['email', 'phone'])
// { name: 'Alice', age: 25 }
处理Symbol属性
typescript
import { omit } from 'radash'
const sym = Symbol('key')
const obj = {
[sym]: 'value',
name: 'Alice',
age: 25
}
const result = omit(obj, [sym, 'name'])
// { age: 25 }
处理复杂对象
typescript
import { omit } from 'radash'
const complexObject = {
id: 1,
metadata: {
createdAt: new Date(),
version: '1.0.0'
},
data: {
items: [1, 2, 3],
total: 100
},
config: {
theme: 'dark',
language: 'en'
}
}
const essentialData = omit(complexObject, ['metadata', 'config'])
// { id: 1, data: { items: [1, 2, 3], total: 100 } }
处理API响应
typescript
import { omit } from 'radash'
const apiResponse = {
data: {
users: [
{ id: 1, name: 'Alice', email: 'alice@example.com' },
{ id: 2, name: 'Bob', email: 'bob@example.com' }
],
total: 2,
page: 1,
limit: 10
},
status: 200,
message: 'Success',
timestamp: new Date()
}
const userData = omit(apiResponse, ['status', 'message', 'timestamp'])
// { data: { users: [...], total: 2, page: 1, limit: 10 } }
处理表单数据
typescript
import { omit } from 'radash'
const formData = {
firstName: 'Alice',
lastName: 'Smith',
email: 'alice@example.com',
password: 'secret123',
confirmPassword: 'secret123',
terms: true
}
const publicInfo = omit(formData, ['password', 'confirmPassword', 'terms'])
// { firstName: 'Alice', lastName: 'Smith', email: 'alice@example.com' }
数据清理
typescript
import { omit } from 'radash'
function cleanSensitiveData(data: any) {
const sensitiveFields = ['password', 'token', 'secret', 'privateKey']
return omit(data, sensitiveFields)
}
const userData = {
id: 1,
name: 'Alice',
email: 'alice@example.com',
password: 'secret123',
token: 'abc123',
preferences: { theme: 'dark' }
}
const cleanData = cleanSensitiveData(userData)
// { id: 1, name: 'Alice', email: 'alice@example.com', preferences: { theme: 'dark' } }
条件排除
typescript
import { omit } from 'radash'
function createUserResponse(user: any, includePrivate = false) {
const privateFields = ['password', 'email', 'phone']
if (includePrivate) {
return user
}
return omit(user, privateFields)
}
const user = {
id: 1,
name: 'Alice',
email: 'alice@example.com',
password: 'secret123',
phone: '123-456-7890'
}
const publicResponse = createUserResponse(user, false)
// { id: 1, name: 'Alice' }
const privateResponse = createUserResponse(user, true)
// { id: 1, name: 'Alice', email: 'alice@example.com', password: 'secret123', phone: '123-456-7890' }
注意事项
- 不可变性: 不会修改原对象
- 类型安全: 支持完整的 TypeScript 类型推断
- 不存在的属性: 会忽略不存在的属性
- 浅拷贝: 只进行浅拷贝,嵌套对象会共享引用
与其他函数的区别
omit
: 排除指定的属性pick
: 选择指定的属性keys
: 获取对象的所有键values
: 获取对象的所有值
性能
- 时间复杂度: O(n),其中 n 是键的数量
- 空间复杂度: O(n)
- 适用场景: 数据过滤、隐私保护、API响应处理